搞懂“修饰谁”,英语句子立刻清楚不绕
🔍 一、定语从句到底在“干什么”?
很多人学定语从句时只记住一句话:
“用来修饰名词。”
但在真实语境中,它真正的功能是——
👉 从一堆可能性中,精准指出“你说的是哪一个”。
📌 看一个对比:
- I like the students.(学生太多,不清楚是谁)
- ✅ I like the students who work hard.(范围立刻缩小)
👉 这就是定语从句存在的意义。
🧩 二、基本结构速览(先不纠结细节)
标准结构:
名词(先行词) + 关系代词 + 补充信息
📘 示例:
The house that stands near the river is very old.
- 修饰对象:the house
- 补充信息:stands near the river
👨 三、什么时候一定要用 who?
who 只做一件事:指人,并在从句中作主语
📗 示例:
- The doctor who helped me was very kind.
- She is someone who never gives up.
🧠 判断方法:
1️⃣ 先看先行词是不是“人”
2️⃣ 再看从句中缺不缺“主语”
✔️ 两个条件同时满足 → 用 who
🧱 四、什么时候该用 which?
which = 指物 / 事 / 概念
📗 示例:
- I bought a laptop which runs very fast.
- The plan which he suggested sounds reasonable.
⚠️ 提醒:
如果你能用 it 来指代这个名词,大概率就该用 which。
🔄 五、that 为什么被称为“安全选项”?
在基础阶段,that 是最不容易出错的选择。
📘 示例:
- The movie that made me cry was based on a true story.
- The girl that sits behind me is very quiet.
📌 实用原则(考试 & 写作友好):
👉 人 / 物都可以
👉 不确定时,用 that 几乎不会扣分
⚠️ 六、写作中最常见的 3 类错误
❌ The man which is talking is my uncle.
✔️ The man who / that is talking is my uncle.
❌ I like the things who you bought.
✔️ I like the things which / that you bought.
❌ She is a person she works very hard.
✔️ She is a person who works very hard.
📌 本质问题:
👉 该用从句时,误用了完整句。
✍️ 七、写作实战:让句子更“有指向性”
🔹 原句(模糊)
He chose a job. The job suits him.
🔹 合并后
✅ He chose a job that suits him.
🔹 写作加分版
He chose a job that suits him and offers long-term growth.
定语从句最适合用在 观点句 + 举例句 中,用来限定对象。
📝 八、练习任务(快速判断)
在空格处填入合适的关系代词:
- I admire people ___ stay calm under pressure.
- This is the reason ___ explains his decision.
- The book ___ lies on the desk is mine.
👉 参考答案:
- who / that
- which / that
- which / that
很多同学不是不会语法,而是反应太慢。
在 李校来啦AI英语 的句型识别训练中,你会反复接触真实写作场景,系统会引导你先判断“修饰谁”,再自动匹配合适的关系代词。
当判断变成直觉,定语从句就不再是难点,而是工具。
