用数量表达的精准感,让你的英语更地道
🍎 一、可数名词(Countable Nouns)
可数名词表示能够逐个数的东西,如:
👉 pen, cat, chair, idea
语法要点:
- 单数形式前要加 a/an
 ✅ a cat / an idea
- 复数形式加 -s 或 -es
 ✅ two pens / three buses
🧩 常用句式:
- I bought a book yesterday.
- There are many chairs in the room.
💡 小结:
单数前要有冠词,复数前不用。
当数量≥2,用复数;否则,用单数。
🌊 二、不可数名词(Uncountable Nouns)
不可数名词表示无法单独数的物质或抽象概念,如:
milk, sugar, water, knowledge, information
这些名词没有复数形式,也不能直接加数字。
例如:
❌ two waters
✅ two bottles of water
✅ 正确表达示例:
- I need some advice.
- He shared a lot of information with me.
🧱 三、容易混淆的名词合集
| 名词 | 类型 | 正确表达 | 说明 | 
|---|---|---|---|
| advice | 不可数 | some advice / a piece of advice | 常见错误:an advice ❌ | 
| paper | 双重身份 | some paper(纸) / a paper(论文) | 语境不同,词性不同 | 
| hair | 多数不可数 | some hair / a hair(单根) | 注意语义区别 | 
| experience | 多数不可数 | some experience / experiences(不同经历) | 含义不同 | 
🧮 四、数量表达搭配指南
| 表达方式 | 用于可数名词 | 用于不可数名词 | 
|---|---|---|
| many | ✅ | ❌ | 
| much | ❌ | ✅ | 
| a few / few | ✅ | ❌ | 
| a little / little | ❌ | ✅ | 
| some / any | ✅ | ✅ | 
例句对比:
- ✅ There are a few apples on the table.
- ✅ There is a little sugar in the cup.
⚠️ 五、错误预警区
❌ I have many money. → ✅ I have much money.
❌ He gave me an information. → ✅ He gave me some information.
❌ These furnitures are new. → ✅ This furniture is new.
🪄 提示:
凡是表示“整体”“物质”或“抽象概念”的词,多为不可数名词。
🧭 六、实用记忆法
📌 可数名词: 可以一个一个“点”出来。
📌 不可数名词: 只能“盛”在容器或“抽象存在”。
👉 a glass of water / a piece of advice
长期练习搭配习惯,语感自然形成。
📝 七、快速测试题
选择正确选项:
- He gave me ___ useful advice. (a / some)
- There are ___ books on the shelf. (much / many)
- I don’t have ___ money left. (many / much)
✅ 答案:some / many / much
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