学会这两个“必须”的不同含义与场景，避免中式英语
🔍 1. must：主观色彩浓厚
- 表达个人强烈意愿或命令
- You must keep this secret.（你必须保密——说话人的主观要求）
- 表示推测，确信度高
- He must be the new teacher.（他一定是新老师）
📜 2. have to：外部规定或现实需要
- 来自规则、条件或客观原因
- I have to catch the 7 a.m. train.（我得赶早上七点的火车——客观安排）
- 时态变化灵活
- We had to cancel the trip due to bad weather.（因为天气不好，我们不得不取消旅行）
⚡ 3. 区别对照
| 用法 | must | have to |
|---|---|---|
| 来源 | 主观判断或要求 | 外部环境或客观事实 |
| 语气 | 更直接、更强烈 | 更中性、更陈述 |
| 时态变化 | 无过去式（用 had to） | 可随时态变化 |
🛠 4. 时态延伸
- must：不能直接说 musted，过去义务用 had to 表达。
- have to：能变成 had to / will have to，适用范围更广。
🚫 5. 避坑提示
❌ I must to finish this.
✔ I must finish this.
❌ We must went there yesterday.
✔ We had to go there yesterday.
🎯 6. 速记方法
- must：说话人主观“必须”
- have to：外部情况逼着你“必须”
📝 小练习
用 must 或 have to 填空：
- We (___) leave early — the bus departs at 6.
- This (___) be your handwriting.
- She (___) follow the dress code at work.
💡 答案
- have to
- must
- has to
💬 must 更像“发自内心”的要求，have to 则多是“外部要求”。两者虽然都能表达“必须”，但语感完全不同。
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