政府类 Opinion 作文的对比论证思路拆解
① 英文写作原题（Original Question）
Some people believe that governments should spend more money on improving public transportation rather than building new roads for cars.
To what extent do you agree or disagree?
② 思路解析（教学型拆解）
这是一道典型的“二选一型”Opinion 题目，但需要特别注意的是，题目并不是问“公共交通好不好”，而是强调：
政府是否应该把更多钱花在公共交通上，而不是修建新的汽车道路。
一、审题误区提醒
很多考生在写这类题目时，容易犯两个错误：
- 只强调公共交通的好处，却忽视道路建设的现实价值
- 把文章写成“利弊分析”，但没有明确立场
在雅思写作中，清晰回应题干中的对比关系，比单纯罗列优点更重要。
二、立场选择与理由
本篇文章选择 disagree（不同意政府只偏向公共交通），理由主要包括：
- 在许多地区，私家车仍是不可或缺的出行方式
- 道路基础设施对经济活动具有长期支撑作用
- 公共交通无法覆盖所有出行需求
这种立场更符合现实，也更容易展开具体论证。
三、推荐写作框架（稳分结构）
- 引言段：引入争议话题，表明反对立场
- 主体段一：强调道路建设对日常出行的重要性
- 主体段二：分析道路对经济与社会运转的支撑作用
- 主体段三（让步段）：承认公共交通优势，但指出其局限
- 结论段：总结全文，回应题目要求
该结构有助于展示考生对问题的全面理解与理性判断。
③ 英文高分范文（Band 7+ 示范）
There is a view that governments should allocate more funding to public transportation instead of constructing new roads for cars. I disagree with this opinion, as road development remains essential in many aspects of modern life.
Firstly, private vehicles continue to play a vital role in people’s daily transportation needs. In many cities and most rural areas, public transport systems cannot fully meet demand due to limited routes, fixed schedules or insufficient coverage. As a result, cars are often the most practical option for commuting, family travel and emergency situations. Without adequate investment in road infrastructure, traffic efficiency would decline and people’s mobility would be severely restricted.
Secondly, road construction is closely linked to economic productivity. Well-developed road networks enable the smooth transportation of goods, which is crucial for industries such as logistics, retail and manufacturing. Businesses rely on efficient roads to reduce delivery times and operational costs. If governments neglect road building in favour of public transport alone, economic activities that depend heavily on road access may be negatively affected.
It is undeniable that public transportation offers important benefits. It can help reduce traffic congestion, lower pollution levels and provide affordable travel options for urban residents. Nevertheless, these advantages do not mean that public transport should take absolute priority. In reality, public transportation and road systems serve different purposes and user groups, making it unrealistic to expect one to replace the other.
In conclusion, although improving public transportation is necessary, governments should not reduce investment in road construction. A balanced approach that supports both public transport and road infrastructure is more practical and better suited to the diverse transportation needs of modern society.