李校来了英语——对照式句型Contrastive Sentences in Academic Writing
📘 一、对照式句型的本质功能
对照式句型(contrastive sentences)是一种常用于正式写作的结构,用以呈现两种现象、概念或趋势之间的差异,从而突出某一重点。其逻辑功能包括:
- 明确区分两类对象;
- 强化段落主旨;
- 提高论证的方向性;
- 帮助读者迅速识别“核心信息”。
它不依赖“华丽词汇”,而依赖“逻辑关系的清晰呈现”。
📘 二、学术写作中常见的对照式句型
1️⃣ 并列对照(最常见且正式)
结构:A …, whereas B …
用途:呈现两种明确对立的特征或状况。
示例:
- Traditional grammar-based instruction dominates many classrooms, whereas task-oriented learning has gained traction in recent years.
2️⃣ 让步对照(强调后项信息)
结构:Although A…, B…
适合需要显示“后项观点更具解释力”时使用。
示例:
- Although extensive reading contributes to vocabulary growth, targeted review remains essential for long-term retention.
3️⃣ 层级对照(从一般到核心)
结构:A…, yet B…
常用于论点升级,使观点更具说服力。
示例:
- Language exposure is beneficial, yet consistent output is indispensable for measurable improvement.
📘 三、构建有效对照句的写作原则
✔ 原则一:对照对象必须具备可比性
缺乏可比性的对照会造成逻辑断裂。
错误示例:
- Some learners prefer group study, whereas online resources are cheaper.(类别不一致)
修正:
- Some learners prefer group study, whereas others work more efficiently alone.
✔ 原则二:后项应在逻辑上承担“重点信息”
让步对照尤其强调“后项的逻辑权重更高”。
示例:
- Although automated tools help streamline learning, individualized feedback still plays a decisive role.
✔ 原则三:适度使用连接词,避免过度堆叠
一段文字中使用多组对照结构,会削弱逻辑力量。建议每段以一处为宜,以确保焦点突出。
📘 四、与考试写作的结合方式
📌 1. 数据呈现类任务
对照结构能让趋势呈现更清晰。
示例:
- Online participation increased steadily, whereas in-person attendance showed minimal changes.
📌 2. 观点论证类任务
能够在一段之内完成“铺垫—强调”的结构。
示例:
- Although digital platforms broaden access to learning resources, deliberate practice remains central to skill development.
📌 3. 综合阐释类写作
适合构建“背景→焦点”的段落框架。
📘 五、示范段落
Although educational technologies offer unprecedented flexibility, effective learning still relies on disciplined engagement and continuous feedback. Whereas digital platforms can efficiently deliver content, human-guided instruction provides nuanced explanations that automated systems cannot fully replicate. Such contrast highlights the importance of integrating technology with structured guidance.
📘 六、练习
- 用 whereas 写一条对照句,比较两种学习方式。
- 将以下句子转换为让步对照:
“Digital reading is convenient. Printed materials help with concentration.” - 用 yet 写一句“从一般到重点”的观点句。
如果你希望系统性掌握学术写作中的逻辑结构,可以使用“李校来了英语”的训练模块,它会为你的文本提供精准的结构分析与替代表达建议,让提升过程更具方向感。
